Geophysical well logging
Underground strata is composed by all kinds of rocks, different rocks with different chemical and physical properties of rocks, in order to study the physical properties and underground strata contain oil and gas and other useful mineral, establish a practical strong edge disciplines - geophysical well logging, referred to as "logging", it with geology, physics, mathematics, USES the computer information technology and electronic technology and sensor technology, design of special along well logging, measurement, the formation of physical and chemical properties, stratigraphic structure and well geometry information, for oil and gas exploration, oil and gas development provides important data and material. Logging location assignment, as shown by logging instrument, the winch cable and ground, very well by cable, put in the bottom of the instrument measurement process of ascension cable. Geophysical well logging methods include the following:
(1) the method such as resistivity logging, well logging and lateral logging, induction logging, array, etc, which can induction logging in all sorts of borehole conditions fort-nation resistivity measurements,
(2) the electromagnetic wave propagation logging, measuring rock dielectric constant, using fort-nation resistivity and dielectric constants can accurately differentiate hydrocarbon reservoir,
(3) dip logging, determine the underground strata and structure,
(4) the borehole formation micro-scanner log, can study stratum structure, and crack, and gives the sidewall imaging,
(5) the acoustic logging, such as sound logging, array acoustic logging, dipole acoustic imaging logging, and can be used to determine the formation of porosity, permeability, cracks and mechanical properties. Underground acoustic TV wall can provide images of imaging logging series, is one of the important ways,
(6) nuclear logging (radioactive logging), natural gamma ray log for measuring the natural radioactive rocks, natural gamma ray spectrum logging can determine the rock of uranium and thorium, k content. Use the gamma ray irradiation strata can determine the source of the stratigraphic lithology and density, called the lithologic density logging. Use neutron source can be studied strata formation of radiation characteristics, including neutron logging neutron and neutron lifetime logging, carbon and oxygen ratio logging neutron activation logging, etc., are used to determine the underground strata of lithology, porosity and oil saturation, oil, gas and water into the important methods,
(7) in recent years, a new kind of logging methods? Imaging logging, can measure strata porosity, bound water and oil saturation can move,
(8) thermal underground strata, measuring temperature logging,
(9) in oil production process can measure all the oil and gas production, this kind of method is referred to as production logging.
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