In the face of continued blood loss and no identified etiology, intraoperative endoscopy may provide simultaneous diagnosis and therapy. During the procedure, the surgeon plicates the bowel over the endoscope. As the scope is withdrawn ,endoscopic findings can be identified for surgical resection or treatment. The yield of this procedure exceeds 70%. In some clinical situations, the site of bleeding cannot be identified, and the patient requires long-term transfusion therapy.
