VIII.TheNewScenario(Basel2andtheCRD)ThescenariooftheConfidiandinthisparticularcaseofEurofidiisbeencompletelytransformingbytheapplicationofthenormscontainedinBasel2,enforcedbytheEuropeanUnionbymeansoftheCapitalRequirementDirective(CRD)2006/48/ECandthe2006/49/EC.SoastofullyunderstandtheimpactofthisdirectiveontheConfidiandconsequentlyonEurofidi,itisnecessarytoanalysetheguaranteescenariobeforeandafteritsintroduction.A.Basel1ThefirstBaselAccordintroducedsomeconceptsthatwereimportantforthedeterminationofsupervisoryelementsofthebankingsystem.Toputitmoresimply,someindividualswererecognisedasbeingoflowerrisk,suchastheState,LocalAuthorities,Banksortypologiesofcreditsuchasthoseguaranteedbymortgages.InthisviewtheguaranteesofferedbyItalianconfidi,astheyareprivateindividuals,arenotdeemedeligibleintermsofthereductionincapitalbythebanks.InothercountriesinEuropewheretheconfidiarepublicoranywaycounter-guaranteedbytheState,theweightingofthestatewasrecognisedB.Basel2andtheCRDBasel2anditsimplementationinEuropebymeansoftheCRDchangethepointofviewofthecalculationoftheminimumcapitalforthebanks.Theconceptisintroducedthattheriskofthecounterpartdeterminestheshareofthecapitalwhichisabsorbedbythebank,shouldthecreditbegiven.TheCRDoffersthebankthreepossibilitiestoestimatethecreditrisk:1.StandardizedApproachTheapproachisbasicallytheoneestablishedbyBasel1withthepre-definedweightingco-efficient.However,thereistheintroductionoftheconceptthatiftheguarantorissupervisedbythesameinstitutionsupervisingthebankingsystem,theweightingtobeappliedtothesecuredfirmwillbeequalto20%2.InternalRatingBasedFoundationorAdvanced(IRBF)or(IRBA)TheItaliangovernmenthasdefinedathresholdlimitoverwhichtheConfidiareobligedtoundergothesupervisionoftheBankofItaly.Thethresholdhasbeenestablishedat75,000,000.00Eurosofsecuredguarantees.TheGovernmentgivestheBankofItalythetaskofdefiningthenormsofprudentialsupervisionthatthesupervisedConfidiwillbesubjecttofrom2008.TheBankofItalyhasbasicallyalignedthesupervisedConfidiwiththesupervisorynormsrelativetothebanksthatchoosethestandardisedapproach,identifyingaminimumcapitalrequirementequalto6%oftheRWA.RWAissetasasumofCreditRisk,MarketRisk,ExchangeRiskandOperationalRisk.
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