一、填空题（共10题，5分/题，共25分）
1、According to air lifting mechanism，there are four types of precipitation they are
、
、frontal and
.
2、Given a vertical sand column of length L = 120 cm and cross-sectional area A = 200 cm2. The difference between water levels at the inflow and the outflow reservoirs is △h=120cm. The hydraulic conductivity K = 20 m/day. Then the total discharge Q is
3、If the evaporation E from a class A pan is 100mm/y, the pan coefficient kpan is 0.7, then the reference evapotranspiration ETref is
4. 在进行流速测量时，如果v0.2=3m/s，v0.6=2m/s，v0.8=1m/s,则用三点法计算的该垂线上的平均流速为
。
5. The interception loss is the difference between gross rainfall and net rainfall, net rainfall is made up of
and
.
二、判断题（共5题，4分/题，共20分）
1. A storm with a 1% chance of occurring in any year has an annual exceedance probability of 0.01 & a return period of 100 yrs. [
]
2. Due to more fine pores and larger absorption, clays tends to have a greater water content than other soil types. [
]
3. The albedo, or reflection coefficient r of free water is much greater than that of fresh snow. [
]
4. 降水量的年际变化很大，并有连续枯水年组和丰水年组的交替, 年降水量越小的地方往往年际间变化越大。[
]
5. As the rainstorm proceeds(持续), the proportion(比例) of effective rainfall decreases. [
]
三、简答题（共2题，20分/题,共20分）
1．Try to give the main components of groundwater recharge and discharge?
四、计算题 (共1题，共35分)
1、已知某次暴雨等雨量线图如下，请计算流域面雨量。
（F=654km2，f1=180 km2，f2=254 km2，f3=220 km2）
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