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显示全部楼层 · 2009-8-21 18:26:49

I am the second half of the research projects mainly in the water distribution network to maintain the biological stability of water quality, specific research in the custom before the current water supply network to protect the water quality aspects and topics of research done some investigation, in this investigation and summing up, based on its own specific research programs.Water distribution network of a research surveyWater plant water taps from the factory to the water quality is decreasing, even more than water quality standards, the reason is that water flows through the water distribution network in a very long time, the occurrence of a series of physical, chemical, electrochemical, and the role of microbiology, secondary pollution of water by the results. Therefore, a large number of studies in water treatment process at the same time, study on water quality in pipe network is now also began to be taken seriously.The survey found himself through the current network of water quality study the issues involved are: ~ a network of water stability; ~ 2 of the disinfectants and disinfection by-products of research; ~ 3 to the water distribution network pipe material on the water quality network impact; ~ 4 water quality monitoring network to establish the mathematical model and simulation systems.A network of water stability(1) chemical stabilityPreviously, saturation index used and the stability index used to determine the stability of water. That only a single criterion of dissolved calcium carbonate used as the basis of balance, without considering the electrochemical process, not to consider the impact of colloid in the water, and the both as a buffer of calcium carbonate, but also as a scale to consider. Therefore, the water quality of the corrosion and scaling problems, not only to distinguish between the above-mentioned index. In recent years, the United States, Germany, Sweden, Denmark, Norway and other countries to discuss the issue, advocates network with the material used in combination to consider.Chemical stability of water quality index should be saturated, pipe, PH value, AOC, etc., the comprehensive study to evaluate the chemical stability of water.(2) biological stabilityThe so-called biological stability of drinking water means drinking water in the organic nutrients to support the growth of heterotrophic bacteria of the potential, that is, the greatest possibility of bacterial growth. Assimilable organic carbon AOC refers to BDOC Biodegradable organic carbon was converted into cell that portion of the material. AOC and heterotrophic bacteria in the pipe network is closely related to the reproduction is abnormal metabolism of bacteria directly to the material and energy sources, general heterotrophic bacteria as a water distribution network in the re-growth potential in the evaluation. since in 1982, Dr. Van der Kooij Netherlands created the Determination of assimilable organic carbon test, theThis method is widely used to evaluate the biological stability of water.Over the past 20 years, the international community of scholars through a number of pilot or small-scale test of the biological stability of treated water to a large number of studies. There are three major research directions: ~ 1 to determine the biological stability of the indicators, a variety of water treatment technology ~ 2 Removal of the role of biological stability, ~ 3 different sources of water to deal with the impact of biological stability.2 disinfectants and disinfection by-product of the research progress(1) chlorine disinfectants ResearchThe first major vote in the amount of chlorine, residual chlorine in water disinfection in a form and mechanism of the impact of residual chlorine consumption in a variety of factors, such as sanitizing effect.'s Current research focus gradually concentrated in the residual chlorine in the pipe network changes and attenuation of the dynamic mechanism laws and so on.Network from the effects of residual chlorine in the consumption of a variety of factors, the residual chlorine in the pipe network of consumption is divided into four parts: 1) with organic and inorganic substances in water channels of the reaction; 2) and the biofilm attached to the wall reaction ; 3) in the wall corrosion in the process of consumption; 4) in the wall with the water quality of transmission between the residual chlorine.Chlorine disinfectants now research has reached a considerable depth, to a wide range of attenuation coefficient to determine the method of residual chlorine and residual chlorine decay model. However, these models have not been effectively applied to actual production, and therefore could not play its guidance The role of production, so the residual chlorine decay model of the future should be the development of their practicality.70 In the mid-20th century, recognized that chlorine as a disinfectant will have harmful disinfection by-products, the scholars in order to clarify the process of drinking water chlorination, and chlorination of the reaction mechanism, impact on conditions and kinetic characteristics by-product of the isolation and identification, environmental and toxicological as well as a variety of research, such as parent material, and have achieved considerable results. At present, on the chlorination of drinking "chlorinated chemicals," "Ammonia Chlorine Chemistry", "Chlorine and chemical oxidants, "and so on, have to open up a new field of study, yet its deep research step.选我哦！

千问 · 2009-8-21 18:26:49

本人下半年的研究计划主要在保持给水管网水质生物稳定性方面,在定制具体的研究计划前,对目前的给水管网水质保护方面的研究现状和课题做了一些调查,在此调查和总结的基础上,提出自己的具体研究方案.I am the second half of the research projects mainly in the water distribution network to maintain the biological stability of water quality, specific research in the custom before the current water supply network to protect the water quality aspects and topics of research done some investigation, in this investigation and summing up, based on its own specific research programs.一给水管网研究现状的调查自来水厂的水从出厂到用户水龙头水质呈降低趋势,甚至超过水质标准 ,其原因是水在给水管网内流经时间很长,发生一系列的物理、化学、电化学和微生物学的作用,使水受到二次污染的结果 . 所以,在大量研究水处理工艺的同时,现在管网水质研究也开始逐渐受到重视.本人通过资料调查发现目前对管网水质研究主要涉及的问题是:~1管网水的水质稳定性;~2有关消毒剂和消毒副产物的研究;~3给水管网材质对管网水质的影响;~4建立管网水质监控数学模型及仿真系统的研究.Water distribution network of a research surveyWater plant water taps from the factory to the water quality is decreasing, even more than water quality standards, the reason is that water flows through the water distribution network in a very long time, the occurrence of a series of physical, chemical, electrochemical, and the role of microbiology, secondary pollution of water by the results. Therefore, a large number of studies in water treatment process at the same time, study on water quality in pipe network is now also began to be taken seriously.The survey found himself through the current network of water quality study the issues involved are: ~ a network of water stability; ~ 2 of the disinfectants and disinfection by-products of research; ~ 3 to the water distribution network pipe material on the water quality network impact; ~ 4 water quality monitoring network to establish the mathematical model and simulation systems.1管网水的水质稳定性(1)化学稳定性以前,通常采用饱和指数和稳定指数配合使用,判断水质的稳定性. 这种判断标准仅以单一碳酸钙的溶解平衡作为判断依据,没有考虑电化学过程,更没有考虑水中胶体的影响,而且把碳酸钙既作为缓冲剂,又作为水垢来考虑. 所以水质的腐蚀与结垢问题,不能仅按上述指数来区分. 近年美国、德国、瑞典、丹麦、挪威等国家联合研讨了这一问题,主张要与管网所用材质结合起来考虑. 水质的化学稳定性应从饱和性指数、管材、PH 值、AOC等多方面出发,综合研究、评价水质的化学稳定性问题.(2)生物稳定性所谓饮用水的生物稳定性是指饮用水中有机营养物质能支持异养细菌生长的潜力,即细菌生长的最大可能性. 可同化有机碳AOC 是指可生物降解有机碳BDOC 中被转化成细胞物质的那部分.AOC 与异养细菌在管网中的繁殖密切相关,是异样细菌直接用以新陈代谢的物质和能量来源,一般作为异养细菌在给水管网中再生长潜力的评价指标. 自1982 年荷兰Van der Kooij 博士创建了测定水中可同化有机碳试验以来,该方法被广泛用来评价水的生物稳定性 .近20 年来,国际上的学者通过一些中试或小型试验对处理水的生物稳定性进行了大量研究. 主要有三个研究方向:~1判断生物稳定性的指标问题、~2各种水处理工艺对生物稳定性的去除作用、~3不同水源对处理水的生物稳定性的影响问题. A network of water stability(1) chemical stabilityPreviously, saturation index used and the stability index used to determine the stability of water. That only a single criterion of dissolved calcium carbonate used as the basis of balance, without considering the electrochemical process, not to consider the impact of colloid in the water, and the both as a buffer of calcium carbonate, but also as a scale to consider. Therefore, the water quality of the corrosion and scaling problems, not only to distinguish between the above-mentioned index. In recent years, the United States, Germany, Sweden, Denmark, Norway and other countries to discuss the issue, advocates network with the material used in combination to consider.Chemical stability of water quality index should be saturated, pipe, PH value, AOC, etc., the comprehensive study to evaluate the chemical stability of water.(2) biological stabilityThe so-called biological stability of drinking water means drinking water in the organic nutrients to support the growth of heterotrophic bacteria of the potential, that is, the greatest possibility of bacterial growth. Assimilable organic carbon AOC refers to BDOC Biodegradable organic carbon was converted into cell that portion of the material. AOC and heterotrophic bacteria in the pipe network is closely related to the reproduction is abnormal metabolism of bacteria directly to the material and energy sources, general heterotrophic bacteria as a water distribution network in the re-growth potential in the evaluation. since in 1982, Dr. Van der Kooij Netherlands created the Determination of assimilable organic carbon test, theThis method is widely used to evaluate the biological stability of water.Over the past 20 years, the international community of scholars through a number of pilot or small-scale test of the biological stability of treated water to a large number of studies. There are three major research directions: ~ 1 to determine the biological stability of the indicators, a variety of water treatment technology ~ 2 Removal of the role of biological stability, ~ 3 different sources of water to deal with the impact of biological stability.2消毒剂和消毒副产物的研究进展(1)氯消毒剂的研究进展最初主要研究投氯量、余氯在水中的存在形式及消毒机理、影响余氯消耗的各种因素、消毒效果等. 当前的研究重点逐渐集中在管网中余氯变化的动力学机制和衰减规律等方面. 从管网中影响余氯消耗的多种因素出发,余氯在管网中的消耗分为四部分 :1) 与管道水中有机物和无机物的反应;2) 与管壁附着的生物膜的反应;3) 在管壁腐蚀过程中的消耗;4)在管壁与水流之间余氯的质量传输. 现在对氯消毒剂的研究已经达到了相当的深度,提出了多种确定余氯衰减系数的方法和余氯衰减模型. 但这些模型都未能有效的应用于实际生产中,因而不能发挥其指导生产的作用,所以今后余氯衰减模型研究应向其实用性方面发展.2 disinfectants and disinfection by-product of the research progress(1) chlorine disinfectants ResearchThe first major vote in the amount of chlorine, residual chlorine in water disinfection in a form and mechanism of the impact of residual chlorine consumption in a variety of factors, such as sanitizing effect.'s Current research focus gradually concentrated in the residual chlorine in the pipe network changes and attenuation of the dynamic mechanism laws and so on.Network from the effects of residual chlorine in the consumption of a variety of factors, the residual chlorine in the pipe network of consumption is divided into four parts: 1) with organic and inorganic substances in water channels of the reaction; 2) and the biofilm attached to the wall reaction ; 3) in the wall corrosion in the process of consumption; 4) in the wall with the water quality of transmission between the residual chlorine.Chlorine disinfectants now research has reached a considerable depth, to a wide range of attenuation coefficient to determine the method of residual chlorine and residual chlorine decay model. However, these models have not been effectively applied to actual production, and therefore could not play its guidance The role of production, so the residual chlorine decay model of the future should be the development of their practicality.20 世纪70 年代中期,认识到氯气作为消毒剂会产生对人体有害的消毒副产物以后, 学者们为了阐明饮用水氯化消毒过程,做了氯化反应的反应机理、影响条件、动力学特征和副产物的分离与鉴定、环境毒理和以及母体物质等各种研究 ,并取得了相当的成果. 目前,关于饮用氯化消毒的“氯化化学”、“氯氨化学”、“氯及氧化剂化学”等,已开拓成了新的研究领域,尚需对其进行深一步的研究. 70 In the mid-20th century, recognized that chlorine as a disinfectant will have harmful disinfection by-products, the scholars in order to clarify the process of drinking water chlorination, and chlorination of the reaction mechanism, impact on conditions and kinetic characteristics by-product of the isolation and identification, environmental and toxicological as well as a variety of research, such as parent material, and have achieved considerable results. At present, on the chlorination of drinking "chlorinated chemicals," "Ammonia Chlorine Chemistry", "Chlorine and chemical oxidants, "and so on, have to open up a new field of study, yet its deep research step.

千问 · 2009-8-21 18:26:49

I am the second half of the research projects mainly in the water distribution network to maintain the biological stability of water quality, specific research in the custom before the current water supply network to protect the water quality aspects and topics of research done some investigation, in this investigation and summing up, based on its own specific research programs. Water distribution network of a research survey Water plant water taps from the factory to the water quality is decreasing, even more than water quality standards, the reason is that water flows through the water distribution network in a very long time, the occurrence of a series of physical, chemical, electrochemical, and the role of microbiology, secondary pollution of water by the results. Therefore, a large number of studies in water treatment process at the same time, study on water quality in pipe network is now also began to be taken seriously. The survey found himself through the current network of water quality study the issues involved are: ~ a network of water stability; ~ 2 of the disinfectants and disinfection by-products of research; ~ 3 to the water distribution network pipe material on the water quality network impact; ~ 4 water quality monitoring network to establish the mathematical model and simulation systems. A network of water stability (1) chemical stability Previously, saturation index used and the stability index used to determine the stability of water. That only a single criterion of dissolved calcium carbonate used as the basis of balance, without considering the electrochemical process, not to consider the impact of colloid in the water, and the both as a buffer of calcium carbonate, but also as a scale to consider. Therefore, the water quality of the corrosion and scaling problems, not only to distinguish between the above-mentioned index. In recent years, the United States, Germany, Sweden, Denmark, Norway and other countries to discuss the issue, advocates network with the material used in combination to consider. the chemical stability of water quality index should be saturated, pipe, PH value, AOC, etc., the comprehensive study to evaluate the chemical stability of water. (2) biological stability The so-called biological stability of drinking water means drinking water in the organic nutrients to support the growth of heterotrophic bacteria of the potential, that is, the greatest possibility of bacterial growth. Assimilable organic carbon AOC refers to BDOC Biodegradable organic carbon was converted into cell that portion of the material. AOC and heterotrophic bacteria in the pipe network is closely related to the reproduction is abnormal metabolism of bacteria directly to the material and energy sources, general heterotrophic bacteria as a water distribution network in the re-growth potential in the evaluation. since in 1982, Dr. Van der Kooij Netherlands created the Determination of assimilable organic carbon test since the method is widely used to evaluate the biological stability of water. Over the past 20 years, the international community of scholars through a number of pilot or small-scale test of the biological stability of treated water to a large number of studies. There are three major research directions: ~ 1 to determine the biological stability of the indicators, a variety of water treatment technology ~ 2 Removal of the role of biological stability, ~ 3 different sources of water to deal with the impact of biological stability. 2 disinfectants and disinfection by-product of the research progress (1) chlorine disinfectants Research The first major vote in the amount of chlorine, residual chlorine in water disinfection in a form and mechanism of the impact of residual chlorine consumption in a variety of factors, such as sanitizing effect.'s Current research focus gradually concentrated in the residual chlorine in the pipe network changes and attenuation of the dynamic mechanism laws and so on. Network from the effects of residual chlorine in the consumption of a variety of factors, the residual chlorine in the pipe network of consumption is divided into four parts: 1) with organic and inorganic substances in water channels of the reaction; 2) and the biofilm attached to the wall reaction ; 3) in the wall corrosion in the process of consumption; 4) in the wall with the water quality of transmission between the residual chlorine. Chlorine disinfectants now research has reached a considerable depth, to a wide range of attenuation coefficient to determine the method of residual chlorine and residual chlorine decay model. However, these models have not been effectively applied to actual production, and therefore could not play its guidance The role of production, so the residual chlorine decay model of the future should be the development of their practicality.
70 In the mid-20th century, recognized that chlorine as a disinfectant will have harmful disinfection by-products, the scholars in order to clarify the process of drinking water chlorination, and chlorination of the reaction mechanism, impact on conditions and kinetic characteristics by-product of the isolation and identification, environmental and toxicological as well as a variety of research, such as parent material, and have achieved considerable results. At present, on the chlorination of drinking "chlorinated chemicals," "Ammonia Chlorine Chemistry", "Chlorine and chemical oxidants, "and so on, have to open up a new field of study, yet its deep research step.希望能帮上你！

千问 · 2009-8-21 18:26:49

I research projects, mainly in the second half to maintain the water quality of water supply networks of biological stability, in the customization of specific research projects prior to the current water supply network protection of water quality status and issues of research done some research and, in this investigation and summary of proposed based on their own specific research programs. Research for a survey of water distribution networkWater plant to the user taps water from the factory water is decreasing, even more than water quality standards, the reason is the water flowing through the water supply network in a very long time, a series of physical, chemical, electrochemical and microbiological role, secondary pollution of water by the results. Therefore, extensive research water treatment process at the same time, and now water pipe network research began to be taken seriously.I found through data pipe network water quality in the current study the problems involved are: ~ 1 pipe network water quality and stability; ~ 2 Disinfectants and Disinfection By-products related to the study; ~ 3 to the water distribution pipe network water quality in material on the impact; ~ 4 Water Quality Monitoring to establish mathematical model and simulation systems. A net water quality stability of the(1) chemical stabilityPreviously, usually with the saturation index and stability index used to determine the stability of water quality. This criterion only a single calcium carbonate dissolution equilibrium as a basis to judge failed to consider the electrochemical process, even without considering the impact of colloid in water, but also to calcium carbonate, both as a buffer, but also as a scale to consider. so water corrosion and scaling problems, not just to distinguish between the above indices. In recent years, the United States, Germany, Sweden, Denmark, Norway and other countries jointly discuss the issue, advocates with the pipe network and the materials are considered together. the chemical stability of water from saturation index, pipe, PH value, AOC, and many start a comprehensive study to evaluate the chemical stability of water.(2) biological stabilityThe so-called biological stability of drinking water is the drinking water of organic nutrients to support the growth potential of heterotrophic bacteria, that is the maximum likelihood of bacterial growth. Assimilable organic carbon AOC refers to the biodegradable organic carbon was converted into cells, BDOC that portion of the material. AOC and heterotrophic bacteria in the pipe network is closely related to the reproduction is abnormal metabolism of bacteria used directly to the material and energy sources, in general, as heterotrophic bacteria in the water distribution network in the re-growth potential of the evaluation index. Since the In 1982, Dr. Van der Kooij Netherlands created the Determination of assimilable organic carbon test since the method is widely used to evaluate the biological stability of water.The past 20 years, the international community of scholars through a number of pilot or small-scale test of the biological stability of treated water a great deal of research. There are three major research directions: ~ 1 to determine the stability of biological indicators, ~ 2 a variety of water treatment processes removal of the role of biological stability, ~ 3 different sources of water to deal with the impact of biological stability. 2 Disinfectants and Disinfection By-products Research(1) chlorine disinfectant ProgressFirst major study chlorine dosage form of the presence of residual chlorine in the water and disinfection of the mechanism of the various factors that affect the consumption of chlorine and disinfection effects, etc.. The current research focus increasingly concentrated in the pipe network in the dynamic mechanism of chlorine and attenuation changes laws and so on.From the pipe network in the chlorine consumption in a variety of factors affect the proceeding of residual chlorine in the consumption of pipe network is divided into four parts: 1) with organic and inorganic substances in water pipes response; 2) and the wall of the biofilm attached to the reaction ; 3) in the wall corrosion in the process of consumption; 4) in the wall between the chlorine and the water quality of transmission.Chlorine disinfectants now research has reached a considerable depth, made a variety of methods to determine residual chlorine attenuation coefficient and the residual chlorine decay model. However, these models are not effectively applied to the actual production, and therefore can not play its guiding The role of production, so in the future residual chlorine decay model should develop its usefulness.70 mid-20th century, recognizing the chlorine as a disinfectant will produce harmful disinfection by-products after the scholars in order to clarify the process of drinking water chlorination done a chlorination reaction mechanism, impact conditions, dynamic characteristics and Isolation and identification of by-products, environmental toxicology and maternal substances, as well as a variety of research, and have achieved considerable results. At present, chlorination on drinking a "Chlorination Chemistry", "Ammonia Chlorine Chemistry", "chlorine and oxidant chemical "and so on, has been formed and has become a new field of study, yet to them the deep further study.

千问 · 2009-8-21 18:26:49

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