这是个由but连接的转折并列句，前半句的主句是the Neanderthals appear to equipped to face any obstacle 其中主语是Neanderthals，谓语是face，宾语是obstacles。从句是 the environment could put in their path其实是定语从句修饰obstacles的，此处省略了连接词which或者that。后半句主句是their disappearance indicates 。。。，that 引导的是一个宾语从句，充当indicates 的宾语。...
