prep.在近处；在旁边standing by the window站在窗户旁边a table by the bed床边的桌子经；由；从to enter by the door由门进去经过…旁He walked by me.他从我旁边走过。不迟于By tomorrow he'll be here.他明天就到这儿。被；由written by Shakespeare莎士比亚写的根据；按照to play by the rules按规则比赛相差His horse won by a nose.他的马以一鼻之差取胜。以…方式She earned money by writing.她靠写作挣钱。We went by air.我们乘飞机走。表示相（乘）除（以计算面积）a room 15 feet by 20 feet一间长20英尺宽15英尺的房间to divide X by Y用Y除X逐一；连续The animals went in 2 by 2.动物两个两个地走进去。（指动物）由…所生
